Prutah - Judah Aristobulus I

Historical Context: This Prutah was issued by Judah Aristobulus I, the first Hasmonean ruler to assume the title of King (Basileus) of Judea, reigning 104-103 BC. His brief, pivotal reign marked a significant departure from the High Priesthood, establishing a Hellenistic-style monarchy. This coin is a tangible artifact of that transformative period, reflecting Judea's political and religious shifts as it asserted sovereignty.

Artistry: The design of this Prutah (Hendin 5th#1142) blends Hellenistic numismatic conventions with Judean iconography. No individual engraver is known; the style is characteristic of provincial Hellenistic minting. The obverse features an olive wreath encircling a Hebrew inscription identifying "Yehudah the High Priest and the Council of the Jews." The reverse displays a double cornucopia, a common symbol of abundance, encircled by the Greek inscription "BASILEWS ARISTOBOULOU" (King Aristobulus), unequivocally declaring his royal status.

Technical/Grading: Strike quality for these bronze Prutot varies considerably. High-points for wear and strike include the wreath details and Hebrew lettering on the obverse, and the cornucopia elements and Greek legend on the reverse. Coins are frequently found with off-center strikes, irregular planchets, and peripheral weakness. Full legibility of both inscriptions and well-defined cornucopia details are crucial for higher grades, as is the overall centering.