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Potin Unit Rounded Bull / Holman E3

发行方 Cantii tribe (Celtic Britain)
年份 85 BC - 70 BC
类型 登录 以查看详情
面值 Potin Unit
货币 登录 以查看详情
材质 登录 以查看详情
重量 登录 以查看详情
直径 登录 以查看详情
厚度 登录 以查看详情
形状 登录 以查看详情
制作工艺 登录 以查看详情
方向 登录 以查看详情
雕刻师 登录 以查看详情
流通至 登录 以查看详情
参考资料 登录 以查看详情
正面描述 登录 以查看详情
正面文字 登录 以查看详情
正面铭文 登录 以查看详情
背面描述 A stylised bull rendered in profile, facing left or right depending on the sub-type, executed in the bold, schematised Celtic tradition. The animal's body is delineated by strong cast lines, with the back and haunches suggested by a broad horizontal band surmounted by two hemispherical bosses representing the shoulders or horns. The legs are indicated by short vertical strokes beneath the body, and the tail is rendered as a curving or straight linear element. The design fills the flan without inscription, consistent with all known varieties of the Holman E3 type. The field is plain and unadorned.
背面文字 登录 以查看详情
背面铭文 登录 以查看详情
边缘 登录 以查看详情
铸币厂 登录 以查看详情
铸造量 ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/3-1: Head right, no eye pellet. Bull left -
ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/3-2: Head right, with eye pellet. Bull left -
ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/4-1 (Allen H1): Head right, no eye pellet. Bull right -
ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/4-2 (ABC 165, Allen J2): Head right, with eye pellet. Bull right, curved -
ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/4-3: Head right, with eye pellet. Bull right, straight tail and legs -
ND (85 BC - 70 BC) - E3/4-4: Head right, no eye pellet or neck line. Bull right, elongated curving tail with inner projection, no separate crescents -
附加信息

Potin coinage of the Cantii was cast rather than struck — a production method already archaic by Continental standards when these pieces entered circulation in southeast Britain. The alloy, a debased tin-bronze, was poured into clay moulds in strips and broken apart, which is why flan shape varies so dramatically across the type. Holman's classification work, published in 2000, brought long-overdue order to what had previously been a poorly differentiated group, distinguishing E3 from related varieties by specific flan and design characteristics rather than weight alone.

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