Półtalar koronny - Władysław IV Waza Bydgoszcz mint

Władysław IV struck these half-talers at Bydgoszcz during a reign defined by frustrated military ambitions — his plans for a major war against the Ottomans collapsed in 1646 when the Sejm refused funding, a humiliation that effectively ended his active foreign policy. The Bydgoszcz mint was one of the Crown's primary silver-striking facilities in this period, drawing on Silesian trade networks for bullion supply.

The Kop references span five distinct die combinations across the six-year run, reflecting normal annual die replacement rather than any dramatic production interruption. Władysław died in May 1648, the year after the last of this series was struck.