Półkopek litewski - Sigismund II Augustus Wilno or Tykocin mint

The półkopek — literally "half a sixty" — was a denomination unique to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, reckoning in the Lithuanian system of sixty groschen to the kopa rather than the Polish thirty-grosz count. Sigismund II Augustus pushed hard to integrate Polish and Lithuanian monetary systems throughout his reign, a project that culminated formally only at the Union of Lublin four years after this coin was struck.

The attribution to either Wilno or Tykocin reflects a genuine unresolved question in the literature. The Tykocin mint operated only briefly in the 1560s, established on Sigismund's private estate, making its output scarce and difficult to separate from Wilno products without strong die evidence. Kopicki 3320 does not resolve the question definitively.