Catalog
Pfennig Undetermined Friesach marks
| Issuer | Duchy of Carinthia (Austrian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1200 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Stylized architectural facade of a church or cathedral rendered in the Romanesque manner, featuring a central pointed gable surmounted by a cross with a dot above it flanked by two slender towers, each capped with a conical roof terminating in an upward-facing crescent and sphere finial. Four annulets or rings are set into the facade, lending a decorative quality characteristic of Friesach-type issues. The entire design is enclosed within a double beaded circle serving as the outer border. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Friesach pfennigs were among the most important trade coins of the medieval German-speaking world, circulating far beyond Carinthia into the Balkans, Hungary, and the Crusader states. The type takes its name from the town of Friesach, where the Archbishop of Salzburg had established a mint in the 1130s — but the success of that coinage prompted multiple regional lords, including the Dukes of Carinthia, to strike imitative issues of their own, often impossible to attribute with certainty. The "undetermined marks" designation in CNA reflects genuine scholarly disagreement, not cataloging laziness.