目录
| 发行方 | Bishopric of Gurk (Austrian States) |
|---|---|
| 年份 | 1183-1210 |
| 类型 | Standard circulation coin |
| 面值 | 1 Pfennig (1) |
| 货币 | Pfennig (1072-1500) |
| 材质 | Silver |
| 重量 | 1.3 g |
| 直径 | 22 mm |
| 厚度 | |
| 形状 | Round (irregular) |
| 制作工艺 | Hammered |
| 方向 | Variable alignment ↺ |
| 雕刻师 | |
| 流通至 | |
| 参考资料 | CNA#Cq1 |
| 正面描述 | Frontal half-length portrait of a clergyman, holding a crosier in his right hand and a book in his left. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | Latin |
| 正面铭文 | ICEISS |
| 背面描述 | Church building with two towers and a gable crowned with a cross; the gutters are bent upwards at the ends like horns and terminate in a point shape. |
| 背面文字 | |
| 背面铭文 | |
| 边缘 | Plain |
| 铸币厂 | |
| 铸造量 |
ND (1183-1210) - - |
| Numisquare 编号 | 3847595670 |
| 附加信息 |
Historical Context: This Pfennig, issued by the Bishopric of Gurk (1183-1210), exemplifies the economic and political autonomy of ecclesiastical territories within the Holy Roman Empire. Gurk, a significant suffragan diocese of Salzburg, exercised its regalian minting rights to support its administration. This dating places the coin within the episcopates of Bishops Heinrich II and Walther, an era of consolidating princely power and widespread regional Pfennig circulation as primary silver currency across Central Europe.
Artistry: The artistry of this Pfennig reflects Romanesque stylistic conventions prevalent in early medieval numismatic workshops. While engravers are anonymous, the mint master's hand is evident in the stylized execution. Designs often featured a frontal bust of the bishop or a saint, perhaps with a crozier, or an architectural motif representing the cathedral or a city gate. The Gurk Pfennig likely displayed a hieratic, two-dimensional rendering, prioritizing symbolic representation over naturalism, characteristic of the era's small-scale metalwork.
Technical/Grading: Struck on a broad, thin silver flan (1.3 grams, 22 millimeters), this Pfennig exhibits typical technical qualities of its period. High points susceptible to wear or weak strike include the crown, mitre, facial features on a bust, and central elements of any cross or architectural detail. Common strike characteristics include off-center strikes, irregular flan shapes, and variable strike pressure, often resulting in areas of flatness or incomplete design elements. CNA#Cq1 denotes its catalog reference.