Pfennig - Berthold of Merania

Berthold IV ruled Merania during a period of acute dynastic pressure — his father Otto I had already seen the duchy carved up by Hohenstaufen territorial ambitions, and Berthold spent much of his reign navigating between imperial and papal factions. These thin bracteate-style pfennigs circulated in a region whose political boundaries shifted repeatedly across the thirteenth century, making attributions to specific issuing years within the 1218–1251 range largely speculative. The CNA Ch15 classification groups them typologically rather than by any datable event.