Bernard II ruled Carinthia from 1202 until his death in 1256, and his extended tenure produced a relatively coherent bracteate and thin-flan coinage at the Heiligenkreuz mint — one of the ecclesiastical minting sites operating under ducal authority in the region during the first half of the thirteenth century. The CNA reference places this issue within the broader corpus of Austrian ministerial and ducal pfennigs catalogued by Koch, a classification that remains the primary scholarly framework for this material.
Thin-flan Austrian pfennigs of this period are notoriously fragile; edge splits and off-center strikes are the rule rather than the exception.
Bernard II ruled Carinthia from 1202 until his death in 1256, and his extended tenure produced a relatively coherent bracteate and thin-flan coinage at the Heiligenkreuz mint — one of the ecclesiastical minting sites operating under ducal authority in the region during the first half of the thirteenth century. The CNA reference places this issue within the broader corpus of Austrian ministerial and ducal pfennigs catalogued by Koch, a classification that remains the primary scholarly framework for this material.
Thin-flan Austrian pfennigs of this period are notoriously fragile; edge splits and off-center strikes are the rule rather than the exception.