Penny - Edward Pacx type

Emissor England
Ano 1042-1044
Tipo Standard circulation coin
Valor 1 Penny
Moeda Penny (924-1158)
Composição Silver
Peso 0.91 g
Diâmetro 19 mm
Espessura
Formato Round (irregular)
Técnica Hammered
Orientação
Gravador(es)
Em circulação até
Referência(s) Sp#1172, North#814
Descrição do anverso Diademed bust left, quatrefoil-tipped scepter before, royal title around.
Escrita do anverso Latin
Legenda do anverso +EDǷNRD REC+
(Translation: King Edward)
Descrição do reverso Voided short cross, pellet-in-annulet in centre, PACX in angles, moneyer/mint name around.
Escrita do reverso Latin
Legenda do reverso ǷYLFGAR: ON LVNDEN CΛPX
(Translation: Wulfgar in London Peace)
Bordo
Casa da moeda
Tiragem ND (1042-1044) - -
ID Numisquare 7764488080
Informações adicionais

Historical Context: This Penny, the 'Pacx' type (Sp#1172, North#814), dates from 1042-1044, marking the nascent reign of Edward the Confessor. Following years of Danish rule, Edward's return from Norman exile and subsequent coronation signified the restoration of the native Anglo-Saxon dynasty. The 'Pacx' legend, meaning peace, powerfully articulated his aspiration for stability and legitimate rule, establishing his authority across England and setting a tone for his early years on the throne.

Artistry: Struck at various mints by numerous moneyers, this type exemplifies the Anglo-Saxon numismatic style of the mid-11th century. While individual engravers are not typically identifiable, the dies exhibit a characteristic, somewhat stylised portraiture. The obverse features a diademed and draped bust of Edward, often facing left. The reverse displays a short cross voided, with the letters P A C X in the four angles, a direct and potent political message.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 0.91 grams and measuring 19 mm, this silver penny often presents with the typical striking irregularities of the period, including irregular flans, minor off-centring, and occasional double striking. Key high-points for grading include the top of the bust, the diadem, and the folds of the drapery on the obverse. On the reverse, the central cross and the clarity of the 'PACX' legend are crucial for assessing strike quality and wear.

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