Nummus - Crispus PRINCIPIA IVVENTVTIS, Arelate

Crispus was Constantine's eldest son, born of his concubine Minervina and elevated to Caesar in 317 AD — the same year that set this issue in motion. His PRINCIPIA IVVENTVTIS coinage was part of a deliberate propaganda campaign to establish dynastic legitimacy for a son whose birth was technically illegitimate. The Arelate mint, modern Arles, was one of the western mints Constantine relied on heavily after consolidating power in Gaul.

Crispus was executed by his own father in 326, after which his name was systematically erased from inscriptions across the empire — making any surviving coinage bearing his titles a quiet relic of a deliberately suppressed memory.