Nomos

Historical Context: This silver nomos from Tarentum (Taras), a powerful Spartan colony in Magna Graecia, dates between 510 and 450 BC, spanning the late Archaic to early Classical eras. Tarentum, a dominant maritime and agricultural center, faced frequent conflicts with Messapian tribes, including a major defeat in 473 BC. Its wealth, from a strategic port and fertile hinterland, supported a robust coinage system. The nomos (didrachm), at approximately 7.96 grams, adhered to the Achaean weight standard.

Artistry: The coin's artistry reflects the transition from Late Archaic to Early Classical (Severe Style) Greek numismatics. Individual engraver signatures are absent for Tarentine issues of this early period. The iconic obverse motif, Taras riding a dolphin, evolved from stiff Archaic forms towards greater naturalism and musculature characteristic of the Severe Style, while maintaining its foundational mythological gravitas.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, critical points include the clarity and completeness of Taras’s figure on the obverse, especially his head, torso, and the dolphin’s eye and fins. The reverse, often depicting a seated Phalanthos or horseman, demands sharp rendering of facial features, drapery, or equine musculature. A strong, centered strike on a full flan is essential, alongside legible ethnic (TAPAΣ) if present. Surface integrity, free from porosity, tooling, or excessive wear, is paramount.