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Miliaresion - Mstislav Volodimirovich the Brave

Issuer Principality of Tmutarakan
Year 990-1024
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Reference(s) Golenko I#1
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Reverse description Five lines of pseudo-legend fill the field, imitating the columnar inscription format of Byzantine miliaresia but rendered in meaningless or garbled characters that do not form legible Greek text. An ornamental device appears above the inscription. The lettering is crudely executed in high relief on the irregular silver flan, reflecting the local workshop's imitation of Byzantine prototypes without direct access to a literate Greek die-cutter. The overall composition closely follows the reverse layout of contemporary Byzantine miliaresia.
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Mintage ND (990-1024)
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Tmutarakan was a detached Rus' enclave on the Taman Peninsula, hemmed between the Black and Azov Seas, and its coinage reflects the awkward political position of a semi-autonomous prince trying to assert legitimacy far from Kyiv. Mstislav Volodimirovich — son of Vladimir the Great — ruled the principality from around 990 and defeated the Kasog prince Rededya in single combat in 1022, an episode recorded in the Primary Chronicle and remarkable enough that later princes referenced it as a dynastic boast.

The miliaresion format was borrowed directly from Byzantine practice, which is unsurprising given Tmutarakan's proximity to Cherson and the broader Byzantine commercial network in the northern Black Sea.

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