Bayezid II came to power only after defeating his brother Cem Sultan in a succession war — a conflict that dragged on for years as Cem fled to the Hospitallers and then to the French court, becoming a diplomatic hostage used by European powers to extort Ottoman restraint. The Edirne mint had been among the empire's most active since the city served as the first Ottoman capital in Europe, and copper manghirs from this period circulated at the lowest tier of daily commerce, handling transactions too small for silver akçe.
Edirne-struck manghirs under Bayezid are notoriously variable in flan quality and die alignment — a product of the mint's high-volume, low-supervision output for local markets.
Bayezid II came to power only after defeating his brother Cem Sultan in a succession war — a conflict that dragged on for years as Cem fled to the Hospitallers and then to the French court, becoming a diplomatic hostage used by European powers to extort Ottoman restraint. The Edirne mint had been among the empire's most active since the city served as the first Ottoman capital in Europe, and copper manghirs from this period circulated at the lowest tier of daily commerce, handling transactions too small for silver akçe.
Edirne-struck manghirs under Bayezid are notoriously variable in flan quality and die alignment — a product of the mint's high-volume, low-supervision output for local markets.