Maiorina - Theodosius I GLORIA ROMANORVM, wreath, Nicomedia
| Émetteur | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Année | 378-383 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Valeur | Maiorina (1⁄72) |
| Devise | Solidus, Reform of Constantine (AD 310/324 – 395) |
| Composition | Bronze |
| Poids | 4.5 g |
| Diamètre | 20 mm |
| Épaisseur | |
| Forme | Round (irregular) |
| Technique | Hammered |
| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
| Graveur(s) | |
| En circulation jusqu’à | |
| Référence(s) | RIC IX#25C , OCRE#ric.9.nic.25C |
| Description de l’avers | Bust of Theodosius I, helmeted (with pearl-diadem), draped and cuirassed, right, holding spear and shield in front. |
|---|---|
| Écriture de l’avers | Latin |
| Légende de l’avers |
D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG (Translation: Our Lord Theodosius, pious happy emperor.) |
| Description du revers | Emperor, head right, standing facing, on ship, raising right hand; Victory seated at helm. Wreath in left field. Mintmark and officina in exergue. |
| Écriture du revers | Latin |
| Légende du revers |
GLORIA RO-MANORVM (Translation: To the glory of the Romans.) |
| Tranche | |
| Atelier |
SMN Nicomedia, Bithynia, modern-day İzmit, Turkey |
| Tirage |
ND (378-383) - 1st Officina (SMNA; Subtype 2) - ND (378-383) - 2nd Officina (SMNB; Subtype 3) - ND (378-383) - 3rd Officina (●SMNΓ; Subtype 6) - ND (378-383) - 3rd Officina (SMNΓ; Subtype 4) - ND (378-383) - 4th Officina (SMNΔ; Subtype 5) - |
| ID Numisquare | 1503472940 |
| Informations supplémentaires |
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Historical Context: This Maiorina, struck 378-383 AD at Nicomedia, dates to the early reign of Theodosius I, a pivotal figure in Late Roman history. Ascending to power in the East after the catastrophic Battle of Adrianople, Theodosius was tasked with stabilizing a fractured empire. This period saw his consolidation of authority and the eventual establishment of Nicene Christianity as the state religion. The legend GLORIA ROMANORVM ("The Glory of the Romans") served as a powerful declaration of imperial resilience amidst profound transformations.
Artistry: Roman imperial coinage of this era, though anonymous in engraver, reflects the evolving Late Antique artistic style. Moving away from classical naturalism, designs became more abstract and symbolic. The simple yet potent wreath motif on the reverse is a classic emblem of victory, honor, and imperial triumph. Its stylized depiction, common on bronze issues, emphasizes clarity of message over intricate detail, conveying the enduring strength and glory of the Roman state through a universally recognizable symbol.
Technical/Grading: As a bronze issue of the late empire, this Maiorina (4.5g, 20mm) typically exhibits variable strike quality. High-points for this design include the central knot of the wreath and the definition of its individual leaves. A superior example would boast a well-centered strike, ensuring the full GLORIA ROMANORVM legend is present and sharp. Clear definition of the wreath's texture and ribbon details, along with a full, unclipped flan, are crucial indicators of a strong technical strike, often challenging for these mass-produced bronzes.