Maille tierce - Frederick IV

Frederick IV ruled Lorraine during a period when the duchy's coinage was under persistent pressure from the competing monetary systems of neighboring Champagne and Bar. The maille tierce — a fractional denomination worth one-third of a denier — was a pragmatic response to the need for small change in local markets, though Frederick's issues are among the less documented of his reign, surviving in numbers that suggest limited circulation rather than large original production.