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Liard of Dauphine - Charles VIII dolphin on obverse

Issuer Dauphiné of Viennois
Year 1483-1498
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Weight 0.78 g
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Obverse description Central field displays a stylized dolphin in profile, rendered in the late Gothic manner characteristic of Dauphine coinage, with a trident or sceptre rising above the creature. The dolphin, emblem of the Dauphin of Viennois, occupies the majority of the inner circle, its body curving naturally within the beaded inner border. The surrounding legend reads KAROLVS FRAnCOR REX in uncial Latin characters, identifying Charles VIII as King of the Franks. The flan is irregular in shape, as typical of hammered medieval billon coinage, with portions of the legend partially visible near the rim.
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Mint Romans-sur-Isère, France (1192-1554)
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Charles VIII inherited the Dauphiné not as king but as its traditional lord — every French heir apparent held the title of Dauphin of Viennois from 1349 onward, when the province was sold to the French crown by Humbert II under the condition that the eldest son of the king always bear the title. When Charles ascended the throne in 1483 at age thirteen, the Dauphiné retained its own mint rights and monetary identity, producing billon issues distinct from royal French coinage even as the political separation between the two was becoming increasingly nominal.

The low silver fineness places this squarely in the petty coinage category — workhorse money for local markets, not prestige issue.

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