Liard - Ferdinand of Bavaria

Ferdinand of Bavaria became Prince-Bishop of Liège in 1612 through naked dynastic maneuvering by his family rather than any clerical distinction of his own — he already held Cologne, Münster, Hildesheim, and Paderborn simultaneously. These copper liards were struck precisely because the region's small-denomination coinage had been decimated by decades of debased billon issues, and the switch to pure copper was a pragmatic acknowledgment that no one believed in the silver content of earlier small change anyway.

KM#31 covers the two-year emission of 1614–1615, after which the type was discontinued — likely crowded out by competing low-denomination issues from neighboring territories flooding Mosan trade routes.