Large Grosso Class D

Historical Context: The Large Grosso Class D, issued by the Republic of Genoa between 1190 and 1236, represents a pivotal monetary instrument during Genoa's ascendancy as a major Mediterranean maritime power. This era saw the consolidation of republican governance and fierce commercial rivalry with Pisa and Venice. The introduction of the grosso, a heavier silver coin, addressed the burgeoning needs of international trade and marked a significant return to a stable bimetallic currency system after centuries of debased deniers, underscoring Genoa's economic prosperity and ambition.

Artistry: The design of this Large Grosso, consistent with the early Gothic numismatic style prevalent in Northern Italy, emphasizes symbolic representation over classical realism. While specific engravers remain anonymous, typical for communal issues of the period, the coin's artistry features a prominent cross on the obverse, often surrounded by the legend 'CVNRADVS REX' acknowledging imperial suzerainty, and a stylized depiction of the city's name 'IANUA' (Genoa) or its emblematic gate on the reverse. This functional design served to clearly identify the issuing authority and its economic might.

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver with a diameter of 20mm and weighing 1.7 grams, the Large Grosso Class D exhibits varying strike quality common to medieval coinage. High-points for wear and strike assessment include the central elements of the cross and the architectural details of the 'IANUA' gate. Well-preserved examples will display full and legible legends, a strong strike on both sides, and minimal weakness in the central motifs. Off-center strikes and planchet irregularities are not uncommon, impacting overall grade and eye appeal.