Kopeck - Mikhail I МОС/КВА

Mikhail Romanov was elected tsar in February 1613 by the Zemsky Sobor, ending the catastrophic Time of Troubles — a decade of civil war, famine, and Polish-Swedish occupation that had left Moscow's minting infrastructure in ruins. These wire money kopecks, hand-struck from flattened silver rod, were produced at the Moscow mint as the new dynasty scrambled to reassert monetary order across a barely-functioning state. The МОС/КВА mintmark distinguishes Moscow production from concurrent output at Novgorod and Pskov, both still operating under separate administrative conditions in the early Romanov consolidation.