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Johannis Countermark C1 and C2, without mint mark
| Issuer | Curaçao |
|---|---|
| Year | 1793-1799 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Johannis |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
In the final decade of the eighteenth century, the Dutch colony of Curaçao faced a chronic shortage of circulating coinage — a problem endemic to Caribbean colonial economies dependent on whatever specie arrived by ship. The colonial administration's solution was to countermark existing Spanish colonial gold escudos, authorizing them for local circulation at a fixed valuation. The Johannis countermarks, applied in two successive punches, transformed foreign coin into something the colonial government could formally account for.
The absence of a mint mark on this type reflects application outside any formal minting facility — these were stamped by colonial authority, not produced by one.