Jital - Spalapati Deva Shahis of Ohind

The Shahis of Ohind — the Hindu Shahi dynasty centered on Hund along the Indus — issued these jitals during a period of sustained pressure from the expanding Abbasid caliphate to the west and repeated Saffarid incursions through Khorasan. Spalapati was a title, not a personal name, meaning roughly "army lord," and its appearance on coinage reflects a political system in which military governors held enough autonomous authority to strike in their own right.

Tye 3.1 is among the earlier attributions in the series, predating the better-documented later Shahi issues that show increasing stylistic degradation as the dynasty came under greater stress in the ninth century.