Jital - Muizz al-din Muhammad bin Sam Ghorid of Ghazna / Budaon mint

Muizz al-din Muhammad bin Sam — better known in Western historiography as Muhammad of Ghor — used Ghazna as his operational base after wresting it from the Ghaznavid sultan Khusrau Malik in 1173, the same year this coinage begins. The Budaon mint is significant: it places production deep in the Gangetic plain, reflecting how aggressively Ghorid authority was being projected into northern India following the decisive defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan at the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192.

Leaded copper jitals of this type circulated as the workhorse small change of a rapidly expanding conquest economy, moving through markets that had never previously used Islamic coinage.