Jital - Muhammad II Horseman with sword, 3 dots

Muhammad II ruled the Khwarazmian Empire at its greatest territorial extent, having absorbed much of Central Asia and the eastern Islamic world in a rapid campaign of conquest — only to invite catastrophic destruction by ordering the massacre of a Mongol trade caravan at Otrar around 1218, an act that drew Genghis Khan's full military attention westward. The empire collapsed with remarkable speed, and Muhammad II died a fugitive on an island in the Caspian Sea in 1220.

Jitals of this type circulated across an enormous trade zone, from the Indus frontier into Transoxiana. The billon fabric varies noticeably across the series, with silver content fluctuating in ways consistent with wartime fiscal pressure.