Jital - 'Ala al-din Muhammad 'Muhammad II of Khwarezm' NM

Muhammad II's Khwarezmian Empire collapsed with startling speed after Genghis Khan launched his campaign in 1219 — within three years, Samarkand, Bukhara, and Urgench had fallen, and Muhammad himself died a fugitive on a Caspian island in 1221. Jitals of his reign were struck across a fragmented minting network spanning modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia, which is why attribution without a mint name is the rule rather than the exception for this type.