IV Réis - José I Goa mint

This issue dates to a turbulent stretch for Portuguese India, when Pombal's reforms were reshaping colonial administration from Lisbon outward. The Goa mint operated with considerable irregularity throughout the eighteenth century, its output dictated less by commercial demand than by the availability of metal and the competence of local administrators. Copper and billon dominated earlier Goan coinage; the brass alloy used here reflects supply-driven improvisation rather than deliberate monetary policy.

KM#152 is known in relatively few surviving examples, most showing heavy circulation from the dense local market economy of the Goan coast.