Hekte

Kyzikos, the Propontic city that became one of antiquity's most prolific producers of electrum coinage, issued these hektai as part of a monetized economy that predates most Greek civic coinages entirely. The city's electrum was drawn from alluvial sources rather than mined silver-gold alloy, giving Kyzikenian pieces a natural composition that varied from die to die — a fact that ancient merchants apparently accepted without complaint, judging by how widely these coins circulated beyond the Propontis.

Von Fritze's classification remains the standard framework for this series, built on his early 20th-century die studies published in the Nomisma journal.