Half Cash - Ban Yuan

The Ban Yuan ("half round") issues of Western Zhou occupy a peculiar corner of Warring States coinage — this minor state, a diminished rump territory centered near modern Luoyang that the Zhou royal house retained after losing effective power, was issuing its own currency largely as a matter of political face. The casting quality across this type varies considerably, with many examples showing poorly filled rims and irregular flan preparation consistent with small-scale, undercapitalized production.

Western Zhou was extinguished by Qin in 256 BC, making any issue attributable to the later end of this date range almost certainly pre-conquest.