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Half Cash - Ban Yuan

Issuer State of Western Zhou (Warring States)
Year 350 BC - 220 BC
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Reference(s) Hartill#6.16, FD#376
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Obverse script Chinese
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Reverse description Plain, uninscribed reverse presenting a smooth, flat field surrounding the central round perforation. The surface bears a deep, uniform dark brown patina with subtle casting texture characteristic of Warring States bronze production. No legend, decoration, or design element is present; the flan is entirely featureless save for minor surface irregularities inherent to the sand-casting technique.
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Additional information

The Ban Yuan ("half round") issues of Western Zhou occupy a peculiar corner of Warring States coinage — this minor state, a diminished rump territory centered near modern Luoyang that the Zhou royal house retained after losing effective power, was issuing its own currency largely as a matter of political face. The casting quality across this type varies considerably, with many examples showing poorly filled rims and irregular flan preparation consistent with small-scale, undercapitalized production.

Western Zhou was extinguished by Qin in 256 BC, making any issue attributable to the later end of this date range almost certainly pre-conquest.

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