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Guilder 'Saint John's Gold Guilder' - Louis I of Nevers
| Issuer | County of Flanders |
|---|---|
| Year | 1335-1338 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central type depicts a standing frontal figure of Saint John the Baptist, rendered in the Gothic style, wearing long robes with finely engraved vertical drapery folds. The saint raises his right hand in a gesture of benediction while holding a long staff or palm frond in his left hand. Two small heraldic devices — likely lion passant symbols associated with Flanders — appear in the upper field to either side of the figure. The surrounding legend reads + S. IONA NNES.B., identifying the patron saint, and is interrupted by a small lion's head as a privy mark. A beaded inner border frames the design, consistent with the obverse treatment. |
| Reverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Additional information |
Louis I of Nevers struck these gold guilders in direct imitation of the Florentine florin — not as flattery, but as a calculated bid to capture the trade credibility that Florentine gold had built across European markets. Flanders was the commercial engine of northern Europe in the 1330s, and a trusted gold coinage was both a fiscal tool and a diplomatic statement to Italian banking houses funding the wool trade.
The issue dates coincide with the opening pressures of the Hundred Years' War. Louis was himself caught politically between Edward III of England, who controlled the wool supply his county depended on, and Philip VI of France, his feudal overlord — a bind that would eventually force his exile in 1338.