Groschen - Ferdinand II

Ferdinand II issued this groschen during a period when Hungary's coinage was deeply entangled with the pressures of the Thirty Years' War and the ongoing Ottoman occupation of the central third of the kingdom. Royal Hungary — the narrow western and northern strip still under Habsburg control — remained the effective seat of production, with mints at Kremnitz and Nagybánya bearing much of the burden. The billon standard reflected chronic silver shortages as war expenditure drained bullion reserves across the Habsburg lands.

The ÉH and H reference splits across multiple numbers suggest minor die or mint variants across the two-year run, a common complication with Ferdinand's Hungarian small silver.