Groschen - Edward III

Edward III inherited Aquitaine as a dependency of the English crown under terms that required him to perform liege homage to the French king — a humiliating obligation he eventually refused, and which became one of the triggers for the Hundred Years' War. This groschen was struck during precisely that period of deteriorating Anglo-French relations, when Gascon coinage served the practical function of asserting territorial monetary authority over a duchy perpetually contested by the Capetian and Valois courts.

The Elias 63 attribution places it within a tight grouping of Edward's Aquitainian issues distinguished from his English coinage by weight standard and the use of the ducal rather than royal titulature.