Groschen - Charles I

Charles I of Savoy ruled during a period of acute dynastic pressure, caught between French Valois ambitions and the expanding reach of the Habsburgs. His reign saw Savoy function less as an independent power than as a buffer absorbing competing demands from larger neighbors. The groschen denomination itself was a northern European import — the term filtering south through decades of cross-Alpine trade — and its adoption in Savoy reflects the duchy's economic entanglement with Swiss and Burgundian monetary networks rather than any purely domestic monetary initiative.

MIR CS#231 is a relatively scarce type with limited surviving population across major collections.