Groat - Arnold III of Stein

Arnold III ruled the tiny Lordship of Reckem, a fragmented seigneurie in the County of Flanders, during one of the most monetarily chaotic periods in the Low Countries. The 1350s through 1370s saw Flemish lords issuing billon coinage in direct competition — sometimes in deliberate defiance — of comital monetary authority, flooding local markets with underweight pieces. At 0.53 g, this groat sits at the lower end of what the denomination carried in contemporary Flemish practice, suggesting either significant circulation wear or intentional reduction at the die.

The unlisted status in both van der Chijs and Vanhoudt signals genuine rarity. Reckem's output was small enough that individual dies may account for only a handful of surviving specimens.