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Grand Mouton d'Or - William III of Bavaria
| Issuer | Hainaut, County of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1356-1389 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | The Agnus Dei (Pascal Lamb) depicted passant left with head turned back to the right, nimbus behind head, the fleece rendered in fine granular detail. A staff bearing a pennant or banner rises from the lamb's back, the flag shown billowing to the right. The design is enclosed within an inner beaded circle, with the circular Latin legend occupying the outer field, separated by pellets or rosettes as word dividers. The overall composition follows the established Mouton d'Or type, with the lamb centrally positioned in high relief against a plain field. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
William III ruled Hainaut jointly with his mother, Margaret of Constantinople's granddaughter, under arrangements that left monetary policy fractured for much of his reign. The mouton d'or type itself was borrowed directly from French royal coinage — Philip V of France had issued the prototype in 1311 — and by the mid-fourteenth century it had been so thoroughly imitated by Low Countries princes that distinguishing issues required close attention to marginal details and heraldic quartering.
Hainaut's gold output in this period depended heavily on trade revenues from the Meuse and Scheldt corridors, and production was intermittent rather than sustained.