Gold Louis of Bearn with shield - Louis XIV

The Béarn mint — operating out of Pau — retained unusual autonomy within the French monetary system as a remnant of the region's status as a sovereign viscountcy, only formally absorbed into the French crown under Henri IV a century earlier. Louis XIV's broader monetary reforms of 1689–1690, driven by the catastrophic cost of the Nine Years' War, triggered a systematic recoinage: existing gold was called in, revalued, and restruck at adjusted weights and fineness to generate revenue for the treasury. This piece is a direct product of that fiscal emergency.

The Pau mint closed permanently in 1694, making this one of the final gold issues from that atelier.