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Gold Guyennois - Edward of Woodstock
| Issuer | Aquitaine, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1362-1372 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | An ornate floriated cross pattée with trefoil terminals at its four ends, set within a quadrilobe formed by sinuous fishtail or dolphin-like curves. In the four quarters of the cross appear the arms of Aquitaine and England alternately: a fleur-de-lis and a lion passant guardant. A beaded inner circle encloses the central design, and the outer legend in Gothic lettering reads the Gloria in Excelsis doxology: +GLIA IN EXCELCIS DEO ET IN TRA PAX HOMINIBVS B, a standard invocation of peace and glory found on Anglo-Gascon gold coinage of this period. |
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| Additional information |
Edward of Woodstock — the Black Prince — received Aquitaine as a principality from his father Edward III in 1362, a transfer that prompted a fresh coinage program appropriate to a sovereign prince rather than a mere duke. The guyennois was part of that assertion of independent authority over the territory. Edward's Aquitanian administration collapsed under the financial strain of the Castilian campaign and the ruinous chevauchées; he returned to England sick in 1371 and surrendered the principality the following year, making the 1362–1372 window the entirety of this type's production lifetime.