Giulio - Peter Louis Farnese

Peter Louis Farnese held Novara as an imperial fief only briefly — his father Pope Paul III engineered the grant as part of a broader effort to carve out dynastic territories in northern Italy before consolidating the family's grip on Parma and Piacenza in 1545. The giulio coinage of this period reflects that transitional authority: Novara was never a permanent seat of Farnese power, making issues from this lordship considerably scarcer than those of the later Parma duchy.

MIR 886 distinguishes multiple die pairings within this type; II#2/8 places this specimen in a recognized sub-variety sequence.