目录
| 发行方 | Byzantine Empire |
|---|---|
| 年份 | 1034-1041 |
| 类型 | Standard circulation coin |
| 面值 | Follis (1⁄288) |
| 货币 | Second Solidus Nomisma (720-1092) |
| 材质 | Copper |
| 重量 | 11 g |
| 直径 | 30 mm |
| 厚度 | 2 mm |
| 形状 | Round (irregular) |
| 制作工艺 | Hammered |
| 方向 | Variable alignment ↺ |
| 雕刻师 | |
| 流通至 | |
| 参考资料 | BCV#1825 |
| 正面描述 | Three-quarter length figure of Christ Antiphonetes standing facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium and colobium and raising right hand in benediction, book of gospels in left hand. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | |
| 正面铭文 |
+ЄMMANOVHΛ IC XC (Translation: ЄMMANOVHΛ : `God is with us` I(-HCOY-)C X(-PICTO-)C : `Jesus Christ`) |
| 背面描述 | Jewelled cross with pellet at each extremity, legend in the angles. |
| 背面文字 | |
| 背面铭文 |
IC XC NI KA (Translation: I(-HCOY-)C X(-PICTO-)C NIKA : `Jesus Christ is Victorious`) |
| 边缘 | |
| 铸币厂 | |
| 铸造量 |
ND (1034-1041) - - |
| Numisquare 编号 | 4327886250 |
| 附加信息 |
Historical Context: The Follis - Anonymous Class C Constantinopolis, issued between 1034 and 1041, dates to the reign of Michael IV the Paphlagonian. This era saw Byzantine efforts to stabilize finances and administration. The anonymous coinage, lacking the emperor's effigy, marked a significant departure, possibly emphasizing the eternal Christian empire over individual rulers, or simply streamlining mass production of low-value currency. This class represents a period of relative monetary stability.
Artistry: The design, characteristic of the Byzantine imperial mint, reflects a hieratic and spiritual artistic school. No specific engraver is known, with artistry emphasizing religious iconography. The obverse features a majestic, full-length Christ Pantocrator enthroned, holding the Gospels, a powerful symbol of divine authority. The reverse presents a four-line inscription, "IS XS / bASILE / bASILE / b" (Jesus Christ, King of Kings), reinforcing the theological foundation of imperial rule.
Technical/Grading: Weighing 11 grams and measuring 30 millimeters, this copper follis is a substantial piece. Key high-points for grading on the obverse include Christ's face, halo, and Gospel details. On the reverse, the central inscription letters are crucial for strike quality. These coins often exhibit off-center strikes or flatness from mass production, though Class C generally boasts a more consistent strike and planchet quality than later anonymous issues.