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| 正面描述 | Central field bears the Arabic legend of the ruler's honorific name 'Mu'izz' inscribed within a raised circular border. The legend is rendered in angular Kufic script and enclosed by a prominent beaded border running along the coin's periphery. The die workmanship is characteristic of Ghurid hammered copper coinage, with the irregular flan producing slight weakness at the margins. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Central field displays an Arabic inscription denoting the coin's value or epithet 'Adil' (just), set within a raised circular inner border. The legend is executed in Kufic script, with the surrounding field enclosed by a beaded outer border consistent with Ghurid copper coinage conventions. The flan shows characteristic irregularity and surface patination typical of hammered issues of this period. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Mu'izz al-din Muhammad bin Sam — better known in Western sources as Muhammad of Ghor — issued these copper falus during the decades in which he methodically dismantled Ghaznavid and Rajput power across northern India. His defeat of Prithviraj III at the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192 effectively opened the Gangetic plain to Ghurid expansion, and the subsequent flood of new administrative territories created immediate demand for low-denomination coinage to service local markets.
Copper issues of this type circulated alongside the bull-and-horseman silver dehliwal coinage introduced under Ghurid authority — a deliberate concession to Hindu commercial conventions in newly conquered regions.