Fals - temp. Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik - 'Al-Walid I' al-Maɣréb

Al-Walid I's reign marked the territorial apex of the Umayyad Caliphate, with Arab forces completing the conquest of North Africa and crossing into Iberia — the al-Maġreb attribution placing this fals among the provincial copper issues that followed in the wake of that expansion. Post-conquest mints in the western provinces produced fulus on an ad hoc basis to meet local exchange needs, and attribution to specific mint sites remains contested for much of this series. The Walker BMC reference anchors it within a well-documented typological sequence, though exact provenance within the region is rarely recoverable.