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| 正面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Central field displays three lines of Arabic Kufic script reading 'muḥammad / rasūl / allāh' (Muhammad, the Messenger of God), enclosed within a single linear circle. Eight annulets are evenly distributed in the outer marginal field, and a small crescent or half-circle device appears in the upper field. The design is wholly epigraphic and aniconic, consistent with the reformed Umayyad monetary tradition. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | محمد رسول الله |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
711 is the year Tariq ibn Ziyad crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and dismantled the Visigothic kingdom in a single campaigning season. Anonymous copper fals from this precise moment in Umayyad expansion were frequently struck at hastily established or repurposed mints following conquest, with local craftsmen often adapting Byzantine or Visigothic coin-making infrastructure before standardized Islamic types could be imposed. The anonymity itself is deliberate — orthodox Umayyad monetary policy resisted associating the caliph's name with base metal coinage.