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Fals - al-Kamil Muhammad I
| Issuer | Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt |
|---|---|
| Year | 1226-1238 |
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| Currency | Dinar (1169-1254) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central square frame enclosing a multi-line Arabic Naskh inscription, flanked by two prominent six-pointed stars in the lower portion of the square. A vertical linear border is visible to the right of the inscribed field. The hammered flan shows irregular edges typical of Ayyubid fals coinage, with portions of the marginal legend partially struck. The reverse layout mirrors the obverse in its use of a square-in-circle geometric arrangement with star ornaments as decorative and positional dividers. |
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| Mintage | ND (1226-1232) - Bal# 496 Qal`at Ja`bar Type A (Square in the circle type with a thin plain line in a line pellets) - ND (1226-1232) - Bal# 497 Qal`at Ja`bar Type B (Square in the circle type with a thin plain line in a line pellets) - ND (1226-1232) - Bal# 503 al-Hisn Date Missing - 629 (1232) - Bal# 498 Qal`at Ja`bar - 631 (1234) - Bal# 492 Nisibin (Three stars in each centre, segments have been recostructed) - 631 (1234) - Bal# 499 Qal`at Ja`bar - ND (1234-1235) - Bal# 495 Nisibin (Three stars - Date missing) - 632 (1235) - Bal# 493 Nisibin (Three stars in each centre) - 632 (1235) - Bal# 502 al-Hisn - 634 (1237) - Bal# 494 Nisibin (Two stars in each centre) - 634 (1237) - Bal# 500 Qal`at Ja`bar - 635 (1238) - Bal# 501 Mint Missing - |
| Additional information |
Al-Kamil Muhammad I ruled Egypt for over three decades and is best remembered in the West for his extraordinary 1229 negotiation with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II — bypassing Pope Gregory IX entirely to hand over Jerusalem without a single battle. The arrangement scandalized the Muslim world nearly as much as it outraged Rome. Copper fals of this reign were struck across multiple Egyptian mints and survive in considerable die variety, as reflected in the long Balog reference sequence; no two dies in this series are identical in their field arrangements.