Dupondius - Tiberius C VIBIO MARSO PRCOS III C SALLVSTIVS IVSTVS II M M I V
| Issuer | Utica (Africa Proconsularis) |
|---|---|
| Year | 29-30 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | Dupondius (1/8) |
| Currency | Denarius (49 BC to AD 215) |
| Composition | Bronze |
| Weight | 15.07 g |
| Diameter | 30 mm |
| Thickness | |
| Shape | Round (irregular) |
| Technique | Hammered |
| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
| Engraver(s) | |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | I#739 , MAA#114 |
| Obverse description | Bare head of Tiberius left. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering |
TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVST IMP VIII (Translation: Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus, Augustus, commander for the eighth time) |
| Reverse description | Livia seated, right, holding patera and sceptre. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
| Reverse lettering |
C VIBIO MARSO PRCOS III C SALLVSTIVS IVSTVS II M M I V (Translation: under Gaius Vibius Marsus, proconsul for the third time; Gaius Sallustius Iustus, for the second time, the M— Julian municipality of Utica) |
| Edge | |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
ND (29-30) - - |
| Numisquare ID | 1643844770 |
| Additional information |
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Historical Context: This bronze dupondius, issued by Utica in Africa Proconsularis (29-30 CE), provides a tangible link to Emperor Tiberius's reign and Roman provincial administration. Utica, a significant city, retained the privilege of minting local bronze coinage. The coin features the emperor and local magistrates, C. Vibius Marsus (Proconsul PRCOS III) and C. Sallustius Iustus (II M M I V, likely a duumvir monetalis). Their presence underscores the integration of local elites into the imperial structure, managing civic affairs and local economy, exemplifying the balance between imperial authority and local autonomy.
Artistry: While the engraver remains anonymous, typical for provincial issues, the artistry reflects a provincial Roman stylistic school. The obverse likely presented a laureate portrait of Tiberius, emulating imperial iconography, often with a distinct local interpretation. The reverse prominently features the names and titles of the issuing magistrates, C. VIBIO MARSO and C. SALLVSTIVS IVSTVS. These designs, while perhaps lacking the refined detail of Rome's imperial mints, possess a unique historical and regional character, legitimizing the coinage and honoring local leadership.
Technical/Grading: This dupondius, weighing 15.07 grams and measuring 30 millimeters, adheres to typical specifications for the denomination. Key high-points for assessing wear include the highest relief areas of Tiberius's portrait (hair, ear, nose) and prominent reverse features. Provincial bronzes frequently exhibit variations in strike quality, such as minor off-centering or weaker impressions, which are characteristic. The bronze composition is standard, reflecting its function as everyday local currency.