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Dupondius or As - Hadrian ADVENTVS AVG MAVRETANIAE S C, Mauretania
| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 130-133 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | Standing figure of Hadrian to the right, wearing military attire, extending his right hand in a gesture of greeting or adlocutio and holding a scroll in his left hand. Facing him, the personification of Mauretania stands to the left, her head sometimes crowned with an elephant scalp headdress, offering a patera in her right hand and holding a vexillum (military standard) in her left. Between the two figures stands an altar, at the base of which a bull is frequently depicted, alluding to sacrificial rites associated with the imperial adventus ceremony. The legend encircles the scene, with the senatorial authorization mark S C prominently placed in the lower field. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Hadrian's famous tour of the provinces — conducted in multiple legs between roughly 121 and 134 AD — generated an entire commemorative series celebrating his arrivals in individual regions. The ADVENTVS types were politically deliberate: Hadrian was signaling a break from Trajanic expansionism, positioning himself as an emperor who governed by presence rather than conquest. Mauretania received particular attention given persistent tribal unrest along its frontiers, and his visit there required a military as well as diplomatic response.
The ambiguity between Dupondius and As for this type is unresolved in the literature and turns on individual coin weight, the orichalcum question, and surface corrosion that obscures original alloy color.