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Dupondius - Nero MAC AVG S C

Issuer Roman Imperial Mint
Year 62-68
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Weight 14.7 g
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Reverse description A detailed architectural rendering of the Macellum Augusti — the imperial market hall — depicted in frontal elevation, showing a two-storey colonnaded facade with a central arched gateway surmounted by a domed tholos or rotunda, flanked by two lateral wings each articulated by columns and entablatures. The structure rests upon a stepped podium. The senatorial authorization legend MAC AVG is distributed in the field to left and right of the building, while S C (Senatus Consultum) appears prominently in the lower field, flanking the base of the steps. The reverse composition is a rare and significant architectural type commemorating Nero's building programme in Rome.
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Reverse lettering MAC AVG S C
(Translation: Macellum Augusti, Senatus Consultum. The meat market of the emperor (Augustus). Decree of the senate.)
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Additional information

Nero's bronze coinage underwent a deliberate reform around 64 AD, reducing the weight standard of the dupondius as part of a broader currency debasement tied to the costs of rebuilding Rome after the great fire. The MAC AVG attribution — referencing his role as commander — places this issue within a group produced across the later years of his reign when the mint at Rome was operating under considerable political and fiscal pressure.

Nero was the first emperor to consistently use the radiate crown to distinguish the dupondius from the as, a practical convention that persisted for two centuries afterward.

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