Drachm - Ariarathes I Gaziura

Issuer Kings of Cappadokia
Year 333 BC - 322 BC
Type Standard circulation coin
Value Drachm (1)
Currency Drachm
Composition Silver
Weight 5.29 g
Diameter 17.5 mm
Thickness
Shape Round (irregular)
Technique Hammered
Orientation Variable alignment ↺
Engraver(s)
In circulation to
Reference(s) Simonetta#5 , Sunrise#147 Aulock#6255 7#791
Obverse description Baal of Gaziura seated left, torso facing, holding grape bunch, grain ear, and eagle in extended right hand, lotus-tipped scepter in left; B’L GZYR (in Aramaic) to right.
Obverse script Aramaic
Obverse lettering
(Translation: Baal-Gazur)
Reverse description Griffin left attacking stag kneeling left.
Reverse script
Reverse lettering
Edge
Mint
Mintage ND (333 BC - 322 BC) - -
Numisquare ID 3566726780
Additional information

Historical Context: This silver drachm, minted 333-322 BC, belongs to Ariarathes I, the first self-proclaimed king of Cappadocia. Capitalizing on the power vacuum after Alexander the Great's conquests, Ariarathes, a former Persian satrap, established an independent Hellenistic kingdom. Struck in Gaziura, this coin symbolizes the volatile transition from Persian dominance to fragmented Hellenistic successor states, a brief but crucial period before his defeat by Perdiccas.

Artistry: While no specific engraver is attributed, the coin's artistry showcases a fascinating syncretism of Achaemenid Persian and nascent Hellenistic Greek styles. The obverse typically features a finely rendered head, often Zeus or the king, executed with classical Hellenistic portraiture. The reverse frequently depicts a dynamic horseman or cult image, blending local traditions with Greek numismatic conventions. This detailed rendering reflects a sophisticated artistic approach for a newly independent kingdom.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 5.29 grams and measuring 17.5 mm, this drachm adheres to the Attic weight standard. High-points for wear include the hair and facial features on the obverse portrait, and the rider's head and horse's musculature on the reverse. Technical strike quality varies; well-centered examples with full legends and clear details are highly prized. Irregular flan shapes or minor off-centering are common, but a strong strike reveals intricate die work.

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