Catalog
| Issuer | Kalchedon |
|---|---|
| Year | 340 BC - 320 BC |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | Drachm (1) |
| Currency | Drachm |
| Composition | Silver |
| Weight | 5.28 g |
| Diameter | 17 mm |
| Thickness | 2 mm |
| Shape | Round (irregular) |
| Technique | Hammered |
| Orientation | |
| Engraver(s) | |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | GCV#3738 |
| Obverse description | Cow passing on the left on a spur oriented to the right; above the cow the ethnicity of the city |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Greek |
| Obverse lettering | ΚΑΛΧ |
| Reverse description | Hollow square quadripartite in the shape of mill wings. |
| Reverse script | |
| Reverse lettering | |
| Edge | Rough |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
ND (340 BC - 320 BC) - - |
| Numisquare ID | 2953413690 |
| Additional information |
Historical Context: This silver drachm was issued by Kalchedon (Chalcedon) between 340 and 320 BC. Strategically located on the Asian side of the Bosphorus, Chalcedon was a vital commercial hub controlling Black Sea trade. This era, transitioning from late Classical to early Hellenistic, saw the rise of Macedonian power. Chalcedon, navigating these geopolitical shifts, maintained independence and prosperity, asserting sovereignty through its distinctive coinage, crucial for extensive trade.
Artistry: The design exemplifies sophisticated late Classical Greek artistry. The obverse typically features a powerful bull standing majestically upon a dolphin, a potent icon symbolizing Chalcedon's agricultural wealth and maritime dominion. The reverse displays a quadripartite incuse square, often containing a grain ear in each quarter, emphasizing the city's prosperity. While specific engravers are rarely identified, the detailed execution reflects skilled mint artists, adhering to a stylistic school blending naturalism with symbolic representation.
Technical/Grading: Struck in silver, this drachm weighs 5.28 grams and measures 17 millimeters, conforming to established monetary standards. Key high-points susceptible to wear include the bull's head and musculature, the dolphin's body, and the raised grain ears within the incuse square. Technical strike qualities vary; a well-preserved example exhibits a strong, even strike with good centering, ensuring full depiction of intricate motifs. Minor flan irregularities or slight off-centering are common for issues of this antiquity.