Double of Sedan - Frédéric-Maurice 13th type

Sedan's autonomous coinage during the 1630s was a direct product of the La Tour d'Auvergne family's stubborn insistence on sovereign minting rights within an increasingly centralized French state. Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne exploited his principality's technical independence to produce copper petty coinage well after Richelieu had effectively curtailed similar privileges elsewhere. The French crown tolerated it — barely — partly because Sedan's strategic position on the Meuse made outright confrontation politically inconvenient.

The thirteen distinct type classifications for Frédéric-Maurice's doubles reflect genuine die variations accumulated across his minting runs, not a single coherent program.