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Double Denier - Philip II
| Issuer | County of Burgundy |
|---|---|
| Year | 1589-1590 |
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| Reference(s) | PA#5302, Boudeau#1261 |
| Obverse description | Draped bust of Philip II, King of Spain, facing left, depicted with a short beard and ruffled collar characteristic of late 16th-century royal portraiture. The effigy is set within a plain inner circle. The surrounding Latin legend reads + PHS · REX · CATHOL · HIS · PAN, identifying Philip as the Catholic King of Spain. The coin is struck on an irregular flan typical of hammered coinage of the period, with moderate relief on the portrait. |
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| Reverse description | Central field displays the rampant lion of Burgundy passant within a beaded or plain inner circle, rendered in the crude but vigorous style typical of hammered billon or copper coinage of the Spanish Netherlands era. The surrounding Latin legend reads + COMES · BVRGVNDIE · 1589 · D ·, identifying Philip II as Count of Burgundy, with the date incorporated into the legend. The flan is irregular and the strike uneven, consistent with hand-hammered production. |
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| Additional information |
Philip II of Spain held the County of Burgundy (Franche-Comté) as part of the Habsburg inheritance passed through his father Charles V, making these issues products of Spanish sovereignty over a territory that France would not absorb until the Treaty of Nijmegen in 1678. The 1589–1590 window is notably turbulent: Henry III of France was assassinated in August 1589, throwing the French succession into crisis and hardening the borders between Habsburg-controlled Franche-Comté and the surrounding French territory.
Copper deniers from this county circulate rarely in better grades, having served a working population with little reason to hoard them.