Dirhem - Murad III Aleppo, type 2

Murad III's accession in 1574 brought an immediate restructuring of provincial mint output, partly to fund the ongoing Ottoman-Safavid conflict that would drag through the 1570s and into the 1580s. Aleppo's mint — one of the most active in the Arab provinces — was central to that logistical effort, supplying silver currency to garrisons and traders across the Syrian interior. Pere's distinction of a "type 2" for this issue reflects a die or format variant catalogued separately from the inaugural emission of the reign.